Influence of bioproducts on the yield and adaptive properties of soft winter wheat
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31210/spi2025.28.04.03Keywords:
mild winter wheat, biostimulants, grain yields, ear performance elementsAbstract
The article presents the results of scientific research on the study of the peculiarities of the formation of soft winter wheat grain under the influence of biostimulants and different growing conditions. Experimental tests were conducted according to the standard field experiment methodologies of in agriculture and crop production during 2022–2024 at the research farm of Poltava State Agrarian University. The objects of the study were biostimulator 1 (biostimix ‘Recovery of vegetation’ (biostart)) and biostimulator 2 (Smart Grow ‘Restoration’). The main active components of the drugs were fulvic acids, fullerene and organic acids. Ammonium nitrate was used as nitrogen fertilizer (NH4 : NO3 – 1 : 1, 34.4 %). The objective of the research was to substantiate the expediency of using growth regulators based on fulvic acids, fullerene and organic acids in combination with nitrogen fertilizers in winter wheat cultivation. It has been established that the use of biostimulants increased the efficiency of nitrogen fertilizers, which was confirmed by the improvement of the elements of the ear performance. Thus, the use of biostimulator 1 on the background of N68 provided an increase in the variant only with ammonium nitrate (N68): the amount of grains from the ear – by 9.3 %, the mass of grain from the ear – by 21.7 %, the mass of 1000 grains – by 3.2 %. The use of biostimulator 2 under the background of N68 contributed to the growth, respectively: the number of grains per ear – by 13.8 %, masses of grain per ear – by 17.4 %, weight of 1000 grains – by 1.2 %. The grain yield of soft winter wheat also increased due to the use of biostimulants: biostimulator 1 increased by 6.84 % and biostimulator 2 by 4.56 %. At the same time, the total efficiency of nitrogen nutrition increased by 10.4 % due to the action of biostimulator 1 and by 12.1 % with biostimulator 2. The correlation analysis revealed a close dependence between yield and the number of grains per ear (r = 0.95) as well as grain weight per ear (r = 0.91), and a moderate relationship with the weight of 1,000 grains (r = 0.57).
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