Detection and isolation of some Pasteurella spp. in dogs by using bronchial alveolar lavage and molecular techniques
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31210/spi2025.28.04.33Keywords:
bronchial alveolar lavage technique, PCR, Pasteurella canis, Pasteurella stomatis, dogAbstract
This study was conducted to detect and isolate Pasteurella spp. and to identify abnormalities in some blood traits, cellular changes, and some biochemical values detected in the respiratory tract of infected dogs using bronchial alveolar lavage (BAL) technique and polymerase chain reaction test to confirm infection. The study included a collection of BAL fluid by bronchial alveolar lavage technique from fifty-seven dogs of both sexes in which the signs of respiratory disease cough, dyspnea, sneezing, and nasal discharge were revealed during the period from September 2021 to December 2022. The clinical signs (respiratory rate, pulse rate, and body temperature) were various depending on the stage of the disease. Hematological and biochemical analysis results revealed significant differences between healthy and infected dogs. Compared to healthy dogs, the infected animals showed significant increases in the following parameters: total leukocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, and lymphocytes (by 2.4, 1.9, 1.7, and 3.8 times, respectively, P≤0.01). Conversely, total protein levels tended to decrease, being 1.3 times lower (P≤0.01) than those in clinically healthy dogs. The BALF cytological study showed significant differences in the number of cytological cells among the infected and healthy dogs. Highly significant differences (P≤0.01) were found in the counts of neutrophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, epithelial cells, and bacterial cells (respectively, by 3.5, 45, 2.8, 2.2, and 12.0 times higher compared to the healthy animals). With a total nucleated cell count of 490 cells, while in healthy dogs 188 cells were recorded, in the diseased dogs those were 2.6 times higher compared to the healthy animals. The results of bacteriological examination and molecular testing using PCR standard showed high effectiveness, allowing the isolation and identification of Pasteurella canis in 17 samples (29.82 %) and Pasteurella stomatis in 5 samples (8.77 %) of the diseased animals.
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