The impact of biostimulants on symbiotic nitrogen fixation, photosynthetic activity, and yield of field pea (Pisum sativum L.)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31210/spi2025.28.04.05Keywords:
symbiosis, nodules, growth stages, climatic conditions, leaf area, yield structure componentsAbstract
The growing need for environmentally sustainable methods to improve the productivity of leguminous crops, particularly in the context of climate change and fluctuating agro-climatic conditions, highlights the significance of studying the effects of biostimulants on pea yield. A research study conducted during 2024–2025 in the Poltava region, using the Haiduk variety of peas and bioproducts such as Algreen, Potassium Humate ‘Nitrogumat Euro’, Emistim C, and Rizolain Legumes (liquid form), yielded notably positive outcomes. The highest symbiotic activity was observed with the application of Rizolain, where the number of nodules at the flowering stage reached 48.4 per plant, representing a 61.3% increase compared to the control. Other biostimulants also significantly enhanced nitrogen fixation, with nodules increasing by 32.0–47.3%. The leaf area of peas was consistently larger across all growth stages in treatments involving biostimulants, showing increases ranging from 25.5% to 43.7%, with the greatest expansion observed with Rizolain treatment. Biostimulants were found to slow down leaf senescence and support high photosynthetic activity, even during the later growth phases of the plants. The impact of biostimulants on the yield structure was evident through increases in plant density (by 8.4–19.6%), numbers of pods per plant (by 22.6–41.9%), numbers of seeds per plant (by 15.2–34.8%), and seed weight per plant (by 11.6–29.3%), with the highest results achieved using Rizolain. Consequently, the use of biostimulants resulted in a yield increase of 17.0–28.0% under varying climatic conditions. Further analysis revealed a close relationship between the symbiotic nitrogen fixation activity and the development of the photosynthetic apparatus. The increase in nodule numbers, particularly in Rizolain-treated plants, was correlated with a larger leaf area and sustained high photosynthetic activity throughout the growing season. This combination enabled the plants to more efficiently utilize nitrogen, ensuring consistent growth and development, which ultimately contributed to a substantial yield increase.
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