Effectiveness of optimized elements of hemp (Cannabis sativa) cultivation technology
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31210/spi2026.29.01.03Keywords:
hemp, variety, weeds, herbicides, sowing rates, fertilization, stimulators, economic efficiencyAbstract
Based on modern literary sources the problems are described as to hemp sown areas protection against segetal vegetation, the optimization of plants’ fertilization system applying growth stimulators in case of their use for pre-sowing seed treatment and foliar application. It is stressed that a high level of technologies requires the detailed planning and economic analysis, which take place in the process of developing technological cultivation maps or the so called crop budget; however, there are many approaches to the objective assessment of economic indicators. In the researches, which combined the study of seed sowing rates’ effect as well as the application of growth stim-ulators and herbicides, the indicators of their use economic efficiency were determined. It was found that in the structure of production expenses of hemp cultivation, the main share made the buying and applying fertilizers – 64 %. Moreover, 25 % of all spending constituted the seeds, and the overall expenses on protection preparations, including herbicides did not exceed 6% of the total expenditures. Under the conditions of unstable moistening, the decrease in the seed sowing rates to 1 mln/ ha is economically rational, which is also important considering ecolog-ical and economic approach to developing the cultivation technologies. The use of decreased sowing rates resulted in rising the indicator of net profit by 1.5 thousand hrn/ha. The effectiveness was found as to the use of humic growth stimulators for the seed pre-sowing treatment and foliar application in combination with other preparations, which are used for the protection of agro-ecosystems against diseases and pests. It is noted that the application of certain stimulators can lead to the increase in straw yield, and of the other ones – in seed yield, as it happened with the variants of Zinovii grand (1 kg/t) + Zinovii grand (2 kg/ha) and 1R Seed treatment (1 kg/t) + Ultra Boost (2 l/ha). The use of these substances can result in the growth of the net profit by 11 thousand hrn/ha. In order to get high and stable harvests of dual-purpose hemp, it is expedient to use pre-sowing seed treatment with humic preparations. The control over segetal vegetation with the help of herbicides allowed obtain net profit by 10 thousand hryvnias or 25 % more in comparison with the variants where herbicides were not applied.
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