Clinical and morphological features of lipofibromas in dogs with dyslipidemia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31210/spi2026.29.02.17Keywords:
lipid metabolism, benign neoplasms, biochemical blood tests, cytomorphological assessment, histologyAbstract
Over the past 5 years, oncological pathologies of the skin and subcutaneous tissue have occupied a leading place among all tumors in small animals. According to modern morphological classifications, a significant proportion are neoplasms of mesenchymal origin, in particular, neoplasms of adipose tissue. Lipid structure tumors are formed from adipocytes and are characterized by different ratios of fat and connective tissue components. The results of the study showed that lipofibroma was most often diagnosed in dogs aged 8–12 years. In terms of anatomical localization, most cases of neoplasms were found on the trunk of animals. In terms of gender distribution, the pathology was predominantly found in females, most of whom were spayed. Biochemical changes in the blood of animals with dyslipidemia are characterized by an almost twofold increase in cholesterol concentration compared to the group of animals aged 1–4 years. The concentration of glucose and triglycerides in the blood serum of adult dogs was 49.4 % higher than in animals of the first group. The triglyceride content in the blood serum of animals in the second group was 1.2 times higher than in animals in the first group. The concentration of LDL was 35 % higher in animals aged 8 to 12 years than in the group of animals aged 4–8 years. Lipid profile disorders are accompanied by the accumulation of excess adipose tissue. It was found that among Labrador dogs, the average body condition score on a 9-point scale ranged from 6 to 8 points, and the body weight was 40.78±5.29 kg. In terms of reproductive status, lipofibroma was found in 72.7 % of spayed Labradors. Among Sharpei dogs, only 33.3 % of animals were slightly overweight, and the average body weight was 25.33±4.00 kg. Among French Bulldogs, only 20 % of cases were found in males. Among spaniels, lipofibroma was found in 57.2 % of females. In the mixed breed group, all animals were spayed, and only 33.3 % of the animals studied were male. Among pugs, 50 % of the animals were spayed and 100 % of the animals were obese. The results of our studies confirmed the existence of a relationship between the degree of obesity and changes in biochemical blood parameters in dogs aged 8–12 years. Cytologically, the presence of mature adipocytes with a large optically empty vacuole was established, and spindle-shaped fibroblastic-type cells were noted. Histologically, the neoplasia consisted of mature adipose tissue separated by layers of dense fibrous tissue.
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