SOYBEAN PRODUCTIVITY DEPENDING ON TECHNOLOGY OF PRE-SOWING TILLAGE AND INOCULATION

Abstract

In the technology of soybean cultivation, tillage is the most effective factor in regulating the intensity of microbiological processes occurring in the soil. The course of these processes is significantly influenced by the method, depth, timing of both the basic and pre-sowing tillage. They directly affect the accumulation of moisture, soil porosity, and the movement of mineral nutrients. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of pre-sowing tillage with various tillage implements and seed inoculation on the conditions of plant growth and development, as well as the formation of soybean crop productivity. In the process of research the following scientific methods were used: analysis, synthesis, field, and statistical. The studies have shown that pre-sowing tillage with KPS-4 and seed inoculation with Rhizohumin microbiological preparation increased the grain yield of soybean by 0.20 t/ha or 9.3 % compared to the control. When KUN-6.3 cultivator was used for pre-sowing tillage, the yield level increased to 2.16 t/ha, or was by 0.08 t/ha higher than in the previous variant of the experiment. The action of the bacterial preparation aimed at intensifying the processes of symbiotic nitrogen fixation, contributed to an increase in crop yield by 0.22 t/ha or 10.2 %. The highest level of soybean seed yield – 2.48 t/ha was obtained at introducing pre-sowing soil loosening with AK-6 unit and pre-sowing seed bacterization with a strain of nodule bacteria included in Rhizohumin microbiological preparation into the growing technology. The increase in seed yield as a result of inoculation was 0.24 t/ha or 10.7 %. Economic calculations showed that the highest conditional net profit, which amounted to 22,949.1-26,796.2 UAH/ha and the profitability of growing the crop – 162.7-188.3 % were in the variant of pre-sowing soil tillage with AK-6 unit. Thus, the experimental data show that the most effective element of soybean cultivation technology is the combination of pre-sowing soil loosening with AK- 6 unit and seed bacterization with Rhizohumin microbiological preparation.