Yield of field pea varieties for grain and vegetable use depending on seed inoculation
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31210/spi2026.29.01.12Keywords:
field peas, use, variety, growing conditions, inoculant, yield increase, yieldAbstract
The research focused on increasing plant protein yield through organic farming methods in legume cultivation is highly relevant to strengthening Ukraine’s food security. Among the legumes considered as a source of protein, field pea (Pisum sativum L.) for grain and vegetable use occupies an important place in the structure of the area under crops. The optimization and bipolarization of pea cultivation technologies aim to increase yields through variety selection and cultivation technology, which determine the relevance of the chosen research topic. The research aims to determine the yield of field peas for various uses, depending on variety and to improve cultivation technology through the application of inoculants. Registered varieties of peas intended for grain production – Album, Haiduk and Stabil as well as vegetable pea varieties Omeha, Lipton and Leia were used in the research. Research results showed that grain-type pea varieties provide significantly higher grain yields, ranging from 2.8 to 3.7 t/ha, with an increase over control of 0.14–0.37 t/ha, compared to vegetable-type peas which produced 1.8–3.1 t/ha, where the increase over the control ranged from 0.18 to 0.33 t/ha. However, it was determined that field pea varieties formed significantly higher yields under the conditions of 2025: for grain-type peas (2.85–3.86 t/ha), for vegetable-type peas (2.51–3.24 t/ha), compared to 2024 (grain-type: 2.52–3.51 t/ha, vegetable-type: 2.12–3.03 t/ha), which was characterized by arid conditions during the spring- summer period. On average over the research period, the variety Haiduk proved to be the most productive among the grain-type pea varieties (3.69 t/ha); when treated with the BiNitro inoculant, the yield increased by 0.37 t/ha. Among vegetable pea varieties, Lipton showed the highest yield (3.14 t/ha), with an increase of 0.18 t/ha when treated with the Rizoaktiv legumes inoculant. It was established that, among the factors studied, weather conditions of the research years had the greatest influence on the yield of pea varieties (39.0–49.0 %). Varietal characteristics (18.0–20.0 %) and seed inoculation (14.0–16.0 %) also had a significant influence as well as their interaction (2.0–12.0 %). The research results indicate that the highest yields among grain-type pea varieties were obtained with the BiNitro inoculant: Haiduk (3.69 t/ha), Stabil (3.31 t/ha), and Album (2.84 t/ha). Vegetable pea varieties significantly increased grain yield when Rizoaktiv legumes inoculant was applied, particularly Lipton (3.14 t/ha), Omega (2.60 t/ha) and Leia (1.81 t/ha).
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